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The Budget Process in a Democratic System - by cronywell

The Budget Process in a Democratic System

In representative democracies, the public budget follows an institutional process that reflects the principle of separation of powers and guarantees democratic control over the use of state resources. This process mainly involves the executive branch, which formulates and executes the budget, and the legislative branch, which examines, modifies and approves it as law.

✅ 1. Stages of the Budget Process

Stage	Principal Responsible
Formulation	Executive power
Approval and Law	Legislative power
Execution	Executive power
Control	Legislative Branch and Autonomous Bodies

✅ 2. Role of the Executive Branch

The executive branch has a central technical and operational role, but it cannot impose the budget on its own. Its function includes:

📌 Project Formulation

Prepared through the Ministry of Treasury, Finance or similar.
Based on public policies, government priorities, economic projections, and tax revenues.
It collects information from all ministries and agencies.
It is filed within the deadlines established by law.

📌 Presentation

The project is sent to the legislature for analysis and approval.
The executive proposes, but does not legislate.

📌 Execution

Once approved, the executive manages the resources:
- Make payments
- Contract services and works
- Transfer funds
You can request modifications during implementation, depending on changes in the economic or political context.

📌 Accountability

It reports periodically to the legislature and control bodies on the execution of the budget.
Presents reports and budget settlements.

✅ 3. Role of the Legislative Branch

The legislature guarantees that public spending is carried out with democratic representation. Its function is to turn the budget into law, which involves:

Review the project presented by the executive.
Modify budget items.
Approve, reject, or amend the budget.
Establish limits and conditions for public spending.

🗣️ Key principle: "There is no expenditure without representation".
In other words, no public resource can be used without the approval of the legislative body.

✅ 4. International Variations: Where Does the Legislature Have the Most Budgetary Power?

Although in most countries the budget is prepared by the executive, some democratic systems allow a more active role for the legislative:

🇺🇸 United States

The President proposes, but Congress has broad control.
Budget committees can profoundly modify or even write their own version.
It reflects the principle that "the power of the purse" belongs to Congress.

🇸🇪 Sweden and Scandinavian countries

The executive presents the budget, but Parliament can make substantial changes.
There is a culture of broad consensus and multi-party participation from early stages.

🇩🇪 Germany

The Bundestag has an important role in the revision and modification of the budget.
The executive presents the project, but the legislature refines and adjusts the items through specialized committees.

🧩 In short

The Executive proposes.
The Legislature provides.
They both control each other.

This system of checks and balances ensures that the executive branch cannot spend without democratic approval, and that the legislature legislates based on technical and administrative information provided by the executive.

The Politics of Hate: When Debate Turns to Destruction - by cronywell

The Politics of Hate: When Debate Turns to Destruction

It is an uncomfortable truth, but undeniable: politics has hit rock bottom. What should constitute the natural stage for debate, the exchange of ideas and the construction of projects for the common good, has degraded to become a ring where the only rule is to hit harder than the adversary.

The phenomenon is not new, but its current intensity is alarming. Political campaigns have almost completely abandoned the discussion of concrete proposals to take refuge in a simpler and, unfortunately, more effective strategy: that of fear. It is no longer a question of convincing the electorate with detailed programs or viable solutions to everyday problems. The new manual dictates a more primitive formula: "Don't vote for me because I'm good, vote for me because the other is dangerous."

The ideological emptying

The two majority forces in the political spectrum – although they are not the only ones responsible for this drift – have made polarisation their main electoral asset. Meanwhile, the major discussions that should be at the center of the democratic debate have disappeared from the radar: what economic model does the country need?, how to guarantee social justice?, what strategies to adopt in the face of climate change?, how to strengthen citizens' rights?

These questions, essential to the future of any society, have been buried under an avalanche of aggressive slogans, ad hominem attacks, and disinformation campaigns. The result is an impoverished public discourse that drags with it the quality of democracy itself.

When the adversary becomes an enemy

Political criticism is not only legitimate, but necessary. It is part of the democratic DNA and fulfils an indispensable function of checks and balances. The problem arises when that critique transcends the limits of the political and enters personal territory, when the opponent is no longer seen as someone with different ideas to be perceived as an enemy who must be annihilated.

This dynamic not only normalizes hatred, but institutionalizes it. Visceral rejection is encouraged, mutual distrust is fueled, and the social fabric is fractured into seemingly irreconcilable factions. The damage transcends the political sphere to settle in the very heart of citizen coexistence.

The citizen cost

What does the common citizen get out of this pitched battle? The answer is discouraging: frustration, disenchantment and a growing disaffection with politics as a tool for change. Many have lost faith in the system; others go to the polls moved not by hope, but by fear. None of these attitudes nurture a healthy democracy.

The paradox is cruel: while politics is degraded, real problems persist without solutions. Poverty, insecurity, the educational crisis or the deterioration of public services await answers that never arrive, buried under the deafening noise of sterile confrontation.

The vicious circle

The most worrying thing is that this model works. That is why it is perpetuated. As long as hatred mobilizes more voters than ideas, as long as the media privilege conflict over analysis, as long as leaders find in confrontation a more profitable shortcut than dialogue, the downward spiral will continue.

The incentives of the system seem designed to reward the worst of human nature and punish the best. In this context, the politician who is committed to moderation, consensus and collective construction runs the risk of being perceived as weak or irrelevant.

Signs of hope

However, it is not all doom and gloom. There are still voices that vindicate politics with capital letters: that which is based on ethics, is nourished by concrete proposals and is exercised with respect for the adversary. There are also citizens who demand a different way of doing politics, who refuse to be hostages of fear and manipulation.

Perhaps the change does not come from the party leadership, but from the social base. Perhaps it is organized citizens, civil society organizations and local leaders who will chart the path to a more constructive and less destructive policy.

The true democratic thermometer

In the end, a democracy is not measured by the number of votes that each party gets, but by the quality of its debates, respect for differences, and the collective capacity to build solutions. As long as these elements remain absent, everything else will effectively be political junk.

The choice is in our hands: to continue feeding the monster of hatred or to recover politics as an instrument of social transformation. The future of democracy depends on this collective decision.

What to sow in September? - by cronywell

We are entering the warm season. Spring is coming and we must plan the garden for the production of vegetables in the stage of greatest activity.

A few days before spring, there are many aspects to take into account. Starting first with the soil, we need a soil rich in nutrients, with a good fertilizer and to which we will add homemade compost.

However, we must not forget that the success of your garden depends on the attention and dedication when sowing and growing vegetables.

When choosing crops, it should be taken into account that there are still cold nights ahead, with possible late frosts. For this reason, it is still necessary to protect crops vulnerable to the cold, to avoid damage to their leaves and fruits.

But what can we sow in September?

Vegetables of the month of September in the Southern Hemisphere

Chard

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of planting: 2 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 7 to 9 days
Transplanting: 20 to 40 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: arugula, tomato, carrot, beans Harmful
association: none

Chili pepper

Place: full
sun Sowing: nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 0.6 cm
Watering: normal, without wetting the fruits
Germination: 15 to 30 days
Harvest: 2 months on full
moon Beneficial association: chard, garlic, basil, peas, spinach, lettuce, beans, leek, radishes, cabbage
Harmful association: potato

Basil

Place: semi shade
Sowing: nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 5 to 7 cm
Watering: abundant
Germination: 10 to 15 days
Transplanting: 2 months
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: chili pepper, garlic, peas, broccoli, cauliflower, asparagus, cucumber, pepper, beans, cabbage, tomato
Harmful association: none

Artichoke

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 4 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 12 to 15 days
Transplanting: 30 days
Harvest: 1 year on full
moon Beneficial association: peas, beans, lettuce, radishes Harmful
association: none

Amaranth

Location: full
sun Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Depth of planting: 1 to 2 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 10 to 15 days
Transplanting: 1 month
Harvest: 6 months on full
moon Beneficial association: corn, beans Harmful
association: none

Celery

Place: full
sun Sowing: nursery in crescent
Depth of planting: 0.5 cm
Watering: abundant
Germination: 15 to 20 days
Harvest: 2 months on full
moon Beneficial association: eggplant, broccoli, cauliflower, spinach, cucumber, lettuce, beans, leek, cabbage, radish Harmful
association: potato and carrot

Eggplant

Location: full
sun Sowing: in nursery in crescent
Depth of planting: 1 cm
Watering: abundant
Germination: 7 to 10 days
Transplanting: 14 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: garlic, celery, onion, spinach, lettuce, potato, pepper, beans, leek, radishes, cabbage, carrot
Harmful association: cucumber

Broccoli

Place: semi shade
Sowing: nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 1.5 cm
Watering: abundant
Germination: 5 to 10 days
Harvest: 2 to 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: peas, basil, celery, nasturtium, onion, coelander, dill, lettuce, chamomile, mint, oregano, potato, beans, beetroot, rue, thyme
Harmful association: strawberries, tomatoes

Choclo

Place: semi-shade
Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of planting: 2 to 3 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 7 to 8 days
Harvest: 4 months on full
moon Beneficial association: peas, onions, melons, potatoes, cucumbers, beans, watermelon, pumpkin Harmful
association: none

Chives

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of planting: 0.5 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 12 to 15 days
Transplanting: 30 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Charity: carrot

Sunflower

Place: full
sun Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Sowing depth: 1 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 2 to 3 days
Transplanting: 10 to 15 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: cucumber Harmful
association: potato

Lavender

Place: full
sun Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of sowing: 1 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 15 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: none
Harmful association: none

Lettuce

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of sowing: 0.5 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 5 to 10 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: chili pepper, garlic, artichoke, spinach, turnip, broad beans, melon, leek, radish, pumpkin, tomato, rue, cucumber, oregano, cabbage, watermelon
Harmful association: celery, parsley, sunflower, watercress

Chamomile

Location: full
sun Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of planting: 1.5 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 7 to 8 days
Harvest: 3 to 4 months on full
moon Beneficial association: chard, beans, pumpkin Harmful
association: none

Melon

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct or in nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 3 to 4 cmWatering
: normal
Germination: 3 to 7 days
Transplanting: 30 to 40 days
Harvest: 3 to 4 months on full
moon Charity: chard, broccoli, corn, lettuce

Mint

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 1 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 8 to 10 days
Transplanting: 1 month
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: lettuce, leek, cabbage
Harmful association: none

Neighbour

Place: semi-shade
Sowing: direct or in a nursery in the waning
quarter Sowing depth: 3 to 4 cmWatering
: abundant
Germination: 6 to 8 days
Transplanting: 15 to 20 days
Harvest: 3 months on the new
moon Charitable association: peas, lettuce, cucumber, beetroot, cabbage
Harmful association: radish

Oregano

Location: full
sun Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of planting: 0.5 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 7 to 21 days
Harvest: 3 to 4 months on full
moon Beneficial association: broccoli, cauliflower, cucumber, cabbage
Harmful association: none

Pope

Location: full sun
Sowing: direct in the waning
quarter Sowing depth: 7 to 8 cm (plant potato pieces or seed potato)
Watering: normal, one week before harvesting do not water
Germination: 20 to 40 days
Harvest: 3 months on the new
moon Charity: eggplant, corn, broccoli, beans, leek, radish, cabbage, carrot
Harmful association: chili pepper, garlic, peas, strawberry, sunflower, cucumber, watermelon, tomato, pumpkin, Italian squash

Cucumber

Place: full
sun Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Sowing depth: 2 to 3 cm
Watering: normal avoid wetting leaves
Germination: 3 to 7 days
Transplanting: 30 to 40 days
Harvest: 3 to 4 months on full
moon Charity association: garlic, basil, celery, peas, onion, corn, spinach, sunflower, lettuce, turnip, beans, radishes, beetroot, cabbage
Harmful association: eggplant, potato, parsley, tomato, pumpkin, zucchini

Leek

Place: semi shade
Sowing: nursery in the last
quarter Sowing depth: 1 to 2 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 10 to 12 days
Transplanting: 30 days
Harvest: 4 to 5 months in new
moon Charity: garlic, celery, onion, spinach, strawberry, lettuce, potato, beetroot, cabbage, tomato, carrot
Harmful association: peas, broad beans, beans, radish

Radish

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in the waning
quarter Sowing depth: 1 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 3 to 5 days
Harvest: 20 to 30 days on a waning moon Charity
: chard, chili pepper, celery, peas, eggplant, watercress, nasturtium, spinach, lettuce, corn, mint, potato, cucumbers, beans, rue, tomato, carrot, strawberry, lettuce, cabbage, tomato, carrot
Harmful association: turnip, leek

Beetroot

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in the last
quarter Sowing depth: 2 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 10 to 15 days
Harvest: 3 months on the waning moon Beneficial
association: garlic, peas, eggplant, onion, lettuce, cucumbers, beans, leek Harmful
association: chard, spinach, tomato

Cabbage

Place: full
sun Sowing: in nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 0.5 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 6 to 9 days
Transplanting: 30 to 40 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Charity association: chard, celery, peas, dill, spinach, broad beans, lettuce, chamomile, mint, bell pepper, turnip, oregano, potato, cucumber, leek, beetroot, rosemary, rue, tomato, thyme Harmful
association: garlic, strawberries, beans

Brussels' cabbage

Location: full
shade Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: max. 1 cm
Watering: abundant
Germination: 8 to 10 days
Transplanting: 3 months
Harvest: 5 months on full
moon Beneficial association: lettuce, celery, onion, leek, carrot
Harmful association: none

Rosemary

Location: full
sun Sowing: in nursery in crescent
Depth of planting: 1 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 15 to 30 days
Transplanting: 2 months
Harvest: 3 to 4 months on full
moon Beneficial association: cabbage, beans, carrots Harmful
association: none

Arugula

Location: full
sun Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of sowing: max. 1 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 8 to 10 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: chard, eggplant, tomato, pepper
Harmful association: radish, cabbage, turnip

Ore

Place: semi shade
Sowing: nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 0.5 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 20 to 30 days
Transplanting: 40 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: garlic, broccoli, onion, cauliflower, lettuce, turnip, cucumber, leek, cabbage
Harmful association: beans, tomato

Watermelon

Place: full
sun Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 3 to 4 cm
Watering: normal, avoid wetting leaves
Germination: 6 to 8 days
Transplanting: 1 month
Harvest: 3 to 4 months on full
moon Beneficial association: peas, onions, corn, lettuce Harmful
association: potatoes

Tomato

Place: full
sun Sowing: in nursery in crescent
Depth of sowing: 0.5 to 1 cm
Watering: normal, avoid wetting leaves
Germination: 5 to 8 days
Transplanting: 30 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Charity: chard, garlic, basil, celery, peas, onion, chives, asparagus, lettuce, parsley, bell pepper, beans, leek, radishes, cabbage, carrot
Harmful association: broccoli, potato, cucumber, beetroot

Carrot

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in the last
quarter Sowing depth: 1 to 2 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 12 to 15 days
Harvest: 4 months on the new
moon Charity: chard, garlic, peas, eggplant, onion, broccoli, green onion, chives, coriander, spinach, beans, cucumber, lettuce, bell pepper, tomato, sage
Harmful association: celery, coriander, dill, parsley, mint, fennel

Pumpkin

Place: full
sun Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of planting: 2 cm
Watering: normal, avoid wetting leaves
Germination: 5 to 10 days
Harvest: 6 months on full
moon Beneficial association: corn, lettuce, beans, cabbage
Harmful association: potato, cucumber

Zucchini (Italian zapalalo)

Location: full
sun Sowing: direct or nursery in crescent
Depth of planting: 2 cm
Watering: normal, avoid wetting leaves
Germination: 5 to 10 days
Transplanting: 30 to 40 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: basil, onion
Harmful association: potato, cucumber

Quantum Computing: What Is It and How Does It Work? - by cronywell

Quantum Computing: What Is It and How Does It Work?

Introduction

Quantum computing represents a revolutionary paradigm in information processing that takes advantage of the fundamental properties of quantum mechanics. Unlike traditional computers that process information sequentially using bits (0 and 1), quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously.

Historical Foundations

Origins of Quantum Mechanics

The theoretical foundations were laid between 1900-1930, with key contributions from:

Albert Einstein: Stimulated Emission (1917)
Edwin Schrödinger: Quantum Wave Equation (1925)
Fifth Solvay Congress (1927): Consolidation of quantum theory

Development of Quantum Computing

1981: Paul Benioff proposes the first theoretical quantum computer
1982: Richard Feynman suggests that quantum computers could outperform classical computers
1990s: Development of the first quantum algorithms

Fundamental Concepts

Qubits vs Classic Bits

Classical bits: Represent defined states (0 or 1) Qubits: Can exist in superposition of states, processing multiple possibilities simultaneously

Key Quantum Properties

Quantum superposition: The ability of a quantum system to exist in multiple states simultaneously until it is measured.

Quantum entanglement: A phenomenon where particles remain connected instantaneously, regardless of the distance separating them.

Quantum Parallelism: Allows multiple solutions to be analyzed simultaneously, offering exponential computational advantages.

Technical Operation

Physical Architecture

Quantum computers require extreme conditions:

Temperature: Near absolute zero (-273.15°C)
Superconducting Materials: To remove electrical resistance
Ion traps: Use electromagnetic fields to control particles
Optical systems: They use photons controlled by light waves

Qubit Control

Control is achieved by:

Precise electromagnetic fields
Control lasers for manipulating spin states
Superconducting circuits for modifying currents

Featured Quantum Algorithms

Shor's Algorithm (1995)

Application: Large Number Factorization Relevance: Potential Threat to Current RSA-Based Cryptography

Grover's algorithm (1996)

Application: Search in unstructured databases Advantage: Accelerates search quadratically compared to classical algorithms

Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm (1992)

Application: Determining Properties of Functions Importance: Theoretical Proof of Quantum Superiority

Current and Future Applications

Sectors of Application

Pharmaceutical Research: Complex Molecular Simulation
Artificial Intelligence: Big Data Processing
Cryptography: Development of Quantum Security Systems
Logistics Optimization: Troubleshooting Routes and Resources
Materials Science: New Materials Design

Leading Companies

IBM, Google, Microsoft, Intel, D-Wave, Rigetti, among others, are investing significantly in this technology.

Current Status (2025)

Recent Milestones

IBM Q System One: First commercial quantum computer (2019)
Google's Quantum Supremacy: Demonstration of Superior Capabilities (2019)
IBM Quantum Experience: Publicly accessible platform for experimentation

Current Limitations

Decoherence: Qubits lose their quantum state quickly
Error Rates: Currently high, requiring error correction
Scalability: Difficulty in increasing the number of stable qubits
Cost: Extremely high for implementation

Future Prospects

Expected Developments (Next Decades)

General-purpose quantum computers: With more than 1,000 stable qubits
AI Integration: Exponential Acceleration of Machine Learning
New Quantum Materials: Using Organic Molecules as Qubits
Miniaturization: More compact and accessible quantum devices

Transformational Impact

Quantum computing promises to revolutionize:

Drug Discovery
Climate Modeling
Financial optimization
Advanced AI Development
Ultra-secure communications

Conclusion

Quantum computing will not completely replace traditional computers, but will function as a complementary technology to solve specific problems of high complexity. Its development represents one of the most significant technological advances of the 21st century, with the potential to transform multiple industries and accelerate scientific progress exponentially.

The future of quantum computing will depend on overcoming current technical challenges, developing more efficient algorithms, and making the technology more accessible for widespread commercial applications.

What to sow in July? - by cronywell

Believe it or not, winter means a new cycle, a new beginning for your garden. Winter is the time when many plants withdraw into themselves and prepare for a new rebirth in spring.

It is important to understand that the fruits will not be seen immediately. Everything you do now in the garden, you will only see reflected in a few months, when its results appear in the sunlight.

However, not every plant is prepared to face low temperatures and that these do not affect its proper development. Therefore, we invite you to review together those species of vegetables that you can work with during this month of July.

Vegetables of the month of July in the Southern Hemisphere

Swiss chard

Chili pepper

She

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in the last
quarter Sowing depth: 2 to 4 cm
Watering: normal, not excess
Germination: 10 to 12 days
Harvest: 6 months on the waning moon Beneficial
association: chili pepper, basil, eggplant, strawberry, lettuce, bell pepper, rue, cucumber, tomato, pumpkin, carrot, beetroot Harmful
association: legumes (peas, broad beans, leeks, cabbage)

Celery

Peas

Place: full
sun Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of sowing: 2 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 5 to 10 days
Harvest: 3 months on full
moon Beneficial association: garlic, basil, corn, spinach, lettuce, melon, turnip, cucumber, beans, radishes, cabbage, watermelon, tomato, carrot
Harmful association: onion, chives, potato, leek

Broccoli

Spinach

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct on crescent
moon Sowing depth: 2 cm
Watering: moderate
Germination: 8 to 10 days
Harvest: 2 months, crescent
moon Beneficial association: garlic, celery, peas, eggplant, strawberry, cucumber, beans, leek, tomato
Harmful association: fennel, potato, cucumber, beetroot

Lettuce

Parsley

Place: semi shade
Sowing: direct in crescent
Depth of planting: 1 cm
Watering: normal
Germination: 7 to 25 days
Harvest: 1 month on full
moon Beneficial association: chili pepper, broccoli, green onion, chives, cauliflower, asparagus, corn, bell pepper, beans, cabbage, tomato
Harmful association: coriander, dill, fennel, lettuce, carrot

Pimento

Lugar: semi sombra
Siembra: almácigo en cuarto creciente
Profundidad de siembra: 1 cm
Riego: normal, evitar mojar el fruto
Germinación: 3 a 5 días
Cosecha: 2 meses en luna llena
Asociación benéfica: albahaca, berenjena, repollo, tomate, zanahoria
Asociación dañina: arveja, remolacha

Rabanito

Lugar: semi sombra
Siembra: directa en cuarto menguante
Profundidad de siembra: 1 cm
Riego: normal
Germinación: 3 a 5 días
Cosecha: 20 a 30 días en luna menguante
Asociación benéfica: acelga, ají, apio, arveja, berenjena, berro, capuchina, espinaca, lechuga, maíz, menta, papa, pepinos, porotos, ruda, tomate, zanahoria, frutilla, lechuga, repollo, tomate, zanahoria
Asociación dañina: nabo, puerro

Repollo

Lugar: sol pleno
Siembra: en almácigo en cuarto creciente
Profundidad de siembra: 0.5 cm
Riego: normal
Germinación: 6 a 9 días
Transplante: 30 a 40 días
Cosecha: 3 meses en luna llena
Asociación benéfica: acelga, apio, arveja, eneldo, espinaca, haba, lechuga, manzanilla, menta, morrón, nabo, orégano, papa, pepino, puerro, remolacha, romero, ruda, tomate, tomillo
Asociación dañina: ajo, frutillas, porotos

Rabanito

Repollo

Repollo de brusellas

Carrot

What to sow in June? - by cronywell

Little by little, autumn leaves June and the days are shorter in length. The sun's rays become dimmer and the nights are long and cold, so very soon winter will be present. If you want to keep your garden alive, even in the coldest periods of the year, we help you make a plan, taking into account the space, the land and the crops that adapt excellently to this season.

There are some species of plants that do very well in low temperatures. During autumn and winter in the Southern Hemisphere it is recommended to plant green leafy vegetables. They are widely consumed and allow regular production to be maintained throughout the year, as they are also adapted to the spring-summer season.

To make the selected space more efficient, it is recommended to implement the famous vertical garden, an alternative that facilitates the production of food in urban spaces where there is not much land available.